Nipah Virus

"Rapid urbanisation in India accelerates human encroachment into animal habitats whilst a new strain of the Nipah Virus spreads fast through fruit bat colonies. Genetic crossover with other species of the Henipavirus genus could enable enhanced cross-species transmission - resulting in a Contagion worthy of Hollywood.
Could this be the most deadly Nipah outbreak ever?"
— Plague Inc., Nipah Virus introduction paragraph.

Nipah Virus is a scenario in Plague Inc.

Scenario Attributes

The player assumes control of a Virus whose default name is "Nipah". It starts in India with the Bat 1 and the Nipah Virus traits pre-loaded.

The majority of the symptoms can be unlocked after Bat 2/Swine 1 has been evolved.

Transmissions

Bat 1 - Bats host a strain of the Nipah Virus that can infect humans. (Pre-loaded)

Bat 2 - Pathogen able to spread through bat urine, especially via fruit. Increases infectivity, especially in hot and humid climates, and mutation.

Bat 3 - Pathogen causes bats to become restless in current habitats and search for new ones. Increases infectivity, especially in hot and humid climates.

Bat 4 - Pathogen causes bats to mob and attack humans at night. Significantly increases infectivity, and attacks can be lethal.

Swine 1 - Pigs susceptible to the pathogen and able to infect humans. Increase infectivity, especially in rural locations, as well as likelihood of mutation.

Swine 2 - Pathogen spreads through pig feces. Increases infectivity, especially in rural locations, as well as likelihood of mutation.

Swine 3 - Pathogen spreads through pork produce. Greatly increases infectivity as well as likelihood of mutation.
Fomites 1 - Pathogen survives away from a host, transmitted via external objects. Increases infectivity - especially in wealthy and urban environments
Fomites 2 - Pathogen able to survive on increased variety of surfaces. Increases infectivity - especially in wealthy and urban environments
Fomites 3 - Pathogen able to survive on surfaces for long periods of time. Increases infectivity - especially in wealthy and urban environments
Horse 1 - Horses susceptible to the pathogen and able to infect humans. Increase infectivity in rural and arid locations, as well as likelihood of mutation
Horse 2 - Pathogen spreads through horse faeces. Increase infectivity in rural and arid locations, as well as likelihood of mutation.
Dog - Dogs susceptible to the pathogen. Increases infectivity, particularly in urban areas, and likelihood of mutation.

Symptoms

These Symptoms simply spawn if Bat 2 or Swine 1 are evolved.

Tier 1
Nausea	Irritated stomach lining leads to discomfort. Slight chance of infection when kissing.
Coughing	Chance of infection by spreading pathogen into surroundings, especially in high density, urban areas.
Dysphagia	Difficulty swallowing causes occasional coughing when eating. Slight increase in infectivity.
Headache	Disturbance of the pain-sensitive structures around the brain. Reduces concentration.
Photophobia	Discomfort to the eyes due to light exposure.Increasingly severe in sunnier locations.
Drowsiness	Patients find themselves in a constant state of drowsiness. Research scientists are slightly less productive.
Tier 2
Vomiting	The expulsion of infected material through projectile vomiting increases the risk of infection.
Sneezing	Fluid discharge through sneezing greatly increases infection rates.
Dyspnea	Shortness of breath creates difficulty breathing, especially in arid locations. Occasionally fatal with extreme exercise.
Nuchal rigidity	Minor muscle spasms prevent flexing of the neck due to increased rigidity of surrounding muscle.
Blurred Vision	Lack of sharpness of vision results in the inability to see fine detail
Confusion	Dopamine production stimulated to cause bouts of confusion. Harder to concentrate on complex work.
Tier 3
Pulmonary Oedema	Potentially fatal heart abnormality causes breakdown of respiratory system, releasing pathogen into the air.
Pulmonary Fibrosis	Scarring of the lungs causes shortness of breath and extreme coughing. Can be fatal when combined with intense exercise.
Tachycardia	Resting heart rate is consistently above 100 beats per minute, putting undue pressure on the heart. can be fatal with older patients.
Fever	Increase in temperature, contagiousness and severe dehydration, which can be fatal.
Hallucinations	Occipital lesions created, causing severe hallucinations. Significantly harder to cure and can be fatal.
Memory Loss	Neuritic plaques deposited on grey matter significantly impact memory and learning. Research doctors lose progress.

Respiratory Symptoms

These Symptoms can only be taken by first taking the 'Respiratory Shift' ability, unlocked after Bat 2/Swine 1 has been evolved.

Tier 4
Haemoptysis	Patients cough up bright-red, foamy blood from the respiratory tract. Increasingly infectious, particularly in urban environments.
Pulmonary Hypertension	Blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries is elevated, exerting more pressure on the heart. Can be fatal when combined with exercise.
Seizures	Random blackouts and fits reduce the patient's ability to function independently. Can be fatal.
Tier 5
Pulmonary Haemorrhage	Severe bleeding in the upper respiratory tract and the trachea. Increasing infectivity and often fatal.
Respiratory Failure	Severe hypoxemia leads to catastrophic respiratory failure and death.

Encephalitic Symptoms

These Symptoms can only be taken by first taking the 'Encephalitic Shift' ability, unlocked after Bat 2/Swine 1 has been evolved.

Tier 4
Seizures	Random blackouts and fits reduce the patient's ability to function independently. Can be fatal.
Coma	Neuropathic effects in the brain stem cause loss of consciousness and sometimes death. Significantly harder to cure.
Tier 5
Meningitis	Acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering of the brain and spinal cord. Highly fatal.
Encephalitis	Multiple inflammatory lesions in the brain triggered. Causes neurological damage resulting in death.

Unique Abilities

Nipah Virus - A new strain of the Nipah Virus that spreads harmlessly through bats, with the potential to spread to humans. (Pre-loaded)
Hendra Traits - Pathogen develops traits of the equine Hendra virus, increasing selection of host animals. (Allows Horse/Canine Transmissions)
Respiratory Shift - Gain ability to cause severe pathological condition in the lungs.
Encephalitic Shift - Gain ability to cause severe neurological symptoms.
Cedar Traits - Pathogen develops traits of the benign Cedar Virus. Allows virus to survive away from a host, but more likely to be cured. (Unlocks Fomites, Air & Water Transmissions)

Trivia

India is still a rural country in this scenario instead of urban, despite the description.
This is the one of the first scenarios, along with the Frozen Virus, to have achievements unique to it other than its completion achievement (i.e. Call PETA, Who needs Science, Contagion Cancelled).

Nipah Virus was introduced in the Mutation 1.8 update for Mobile and 1.7 for PC on May 20, 2014.

According to James Vaughan, this scenario and its various attributes refer to the, 2011 film Contagion, with a couple of inconsistencies:
- The contagion actually began in China when a Bat gets disturbed by a Bulldozer while destroying their habitats before spreading it to a Banana. A pig who ate the infected fruit was contaminated and slaughtered, spreading it to a chef who prepared pork off it. The chef then transmits the virus to Beth Emhoff, starting a devastating chain reaction.

Scenarios in Plague Inc.
Diseases	Black Death ▪ Frozen Virus ▪ Mad Cow Disease ▪ Nipah Virus ▪ Smallpox ▪ Swine Flu
World Changes	Created Equal ▪ Flight Club ▪ Global Warming ▪ Golden Age ▪ Ice Age ▪ Mirror Earth ▪ Pirate Plague ▪ Sovereign Default ▪ Shut Down Everything ▪ Volcanic Ash ▪ Who Cares ▪ Where Is Everyone?
Other	Artificial Organs ▪ Fake News ▪ Santa's Little Helper ▪ Science Denial ▪ Teleportation ▪ Ultimate Board Games ▪ Unknown Origin ▪ Xenophobia
Removed	AIDS